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Routing is the process of selecting path paths across the networks to move packets from one host to another.
How Routing Works
Lets Let's look at a basic configuration example to illustrate how routing is used to forward packets between two LAN networks.
!!!!! TODO: uzzimet hopus
In this setup, we have three local networks: two client networks and one network to connect routers (typically called backbone). Also, we have another network which that connects our gateway router (Router1) to the internet.
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- FIB (Forwarding Information Base), that is used to make packet forwarding decisions. It contains a copy of the necessary routing information.
- RIB (Routing Information Base) contains all learned prefixes from routing protocols (connected, static, BGP, RIP, OSPF).
Routing Information Base
Routing Information Base is a database that lists entries for particular network destinations and their gateways (address of the next device along the path or simply nexthop). One such entry in the routing table is called route.
A hop occurs when a packet is passed from one network segment to another.
By default, all routes are organized in one "main" routing table. It is possible to make more than one routing table which we will discuss further in this article, but for now, for sake of simplicity, we will consider that there is only one "main" routing table.
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Connected routes represent the network on which hosts can be directly reached (direct attachment to Layer2 broadcast domain). These routes are created automatically for each IP network that has at least one enabled interface attached to it (as specified in the /ip address or /ipv6 address configuration). RIB tracks the status of connected routes , but does not modify them. For each connected route there is one IP address item such that:
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