Table of Contents |
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Overview
We strongly suggest keeping the default firewall on. Here are a few adjustments to make it more secure, make sure to apply the rules, . Make sure you configure additional changes when you understand what are they doing.
IPv4 firewall to a routerwork with completely understand the benefit of these particular firewall rules.
To see the default firewall rules through the CLI you can type:
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/system default-configuration print |
Ipv4 firewall
Protect the router itself
- work with new connections to decrease load on a router;
- create address-list for IP addresses, that are allowed to access your router;
- enable ICMP access (optionally);
- drop everything else, log=yes might be added to log packets that hit the specific rule;
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/ip firewall filter add action=accept chain=input comment="default configuration" connection-state=established,related add action=accept chain=input src-address-list=allowed_to_router add action=accept chain=input protocol=icmp add action=drop chain=input /ip firewall address-list add address=192.168.88.2-192.168.88.254 list=allowed_to_router |
- IPv4 firewall for clients
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Protect the LAN devices
We will create address-list with name "not_in_internet" which we will use for the firewall filter rules:
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/ip firewall address-list
add address=0.0.0.0/8 comment=RFC6890 list=not_in_internet
add address=172.16.0.0/12 comment=RFC6890 list=not_in_internet
add address=192.168.0.0/16 comment=RFC6890 list=not_in_internet
add address=10.0.0.0/8 comment=RFC6890 list=not_in_internet
add address=169.254.0.0/16 comment=RFC6890 list=not_in_internet
add address=127.0.0.0/8 comment=RFC6890 list=not_in_internet
add address=224.0.0.0/4 comment=Multicast list=not_in_internet
add address=198.18.0.0/15 comment=RFC6890 list=not_in_internet
add address=192.0.0.0/24 comment=RFC6890 list=not_in_internet
add address=192.0.2.0/24 comment=RFC6890 list=not_in_internet
add address=198.51.100.0/24 comment=RFC6890 list=not_in_internet
add address=203.0.113.0/24 comment=RFC6890 list=not_in_internet
add address=100.64.0.0/10 comment=RFC6890 list=not_in_internet
add address=240.0.0.0/4 comment=RFC6890 list=not_in_internet
add address=192.88.99.0/24 comment="6to4 relay Anycast [RFC 3068]" list=not_in_internet |
Brief firewall filter rule explanation:
- packets with connection-state=established,related added to FastTrack for faster data throughput, firewall will work with new connections only;
- drop invalid connection and log them with prefix "invalid";
- drop attempts to reach not public addresses from your local network, apply address-list=not_in_internet before,
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- "bridge" is local network interface, log=yes attempts with prefix "!public_from_LAN";
- drop incoming packets that are not
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- NAT`ed, ether1 is public interface, log attempts with "!NAT" prefix;
- jump to ICMP chain to drop unwanted ICMP messages
- drop incoming packets from the Internet, which are not public IP addresses, ether1 is a public interface, log attempts with prefix "!public";
- drop packets from LAN that does not have LAN IP, 192.168.88.0/24 is local network used subnet;
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/ip firewall filter add action=fasttrack-connection chain=forward comment=FastTrack connection-state=established,related add action=accept chain=forward comment="Established, Related" connection-state=established,related add action=drop chain=forward comment="Drop invalid" connection-state=invalid log=yes log-prefix=invalid add action=drop chain=forward comment="Drop tries to reach not public addresses from LAN" dst-address-list=not_in_internet in-interface=bridge1bridge log=yes log-prefix=!public_from_LAN out-interface=!bridge1bridge add action=drop chain=forward comment="Drop incoming packets that are not NATtedNAT`ted" connection-nat-state=!dstnat connection-state=new in-interface=ether1 log=yes log-prefix=!NAT add action=jump chain=forward protocol=icmp jump-target=icmp comment="jump to ICMP filters" add action=drop chain=forward comment="Drop incoming from internet which is not public IP" in-interface=ether1 log=yes log-prefix=!public src-address-list=not_in_internet add action=drop chain=forward comment="Drop packets from LAN that do not have LAN IP" in-interface=bridge1bridge log=yes log-prefix=LAN_!LAN src-address=!192.168.88.0/24 |
Allow only needed icmp codes in "icmp" chain:
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/ip firewall address-listfilter add address chain=icmp protocol=icmp icmp-options=0.0.0.0/8 comment=RFC6890 list=not_in_internet add address=172.16.0.0/12 comment=RFC6890 list=not_in_internet add address=192.168.0.0/16 comment=RFC6890 list=not_in_internet add address=10.0.0.0/8 comment=RFC6890 list=not_in_internet add address=169.254.0.0/16 comment=RFC6890 list=not_in_internet add address=127.0.0.0/8 comment=RFC6890 list=not_in_internet add address=224.0.0.0/4 comment=Multicast list=not_in_internet add address=198.18.0.0/15 comment=RFC6890 list=not_in_internet add address=192.0.0.0/24 comment=RFC6890 list=not_in_internet add address=192.0.2.0/24 comment=RFC6890 list=not_in_internet add address=198.51.100.0/24 comment=RFC6890 list=not_in_internet add address=203.0.113.0/24 comment=RFC6890 list=not_in_internet add address=100.64.0.0/10 comment=RFC6890 list=not_in_internet add address=240.0.0.0/4 comment=RFC6890 list=not_in_internet add address=192.88.99.0/24 comment="6to4 relay Anycast [RFC 3068]" list=not_in_internet |
IPv6
Currently, IPv6 package is disabled by default. Please enable package with care, as RouterOS will not create any default firewall rules for IPv6 at the moment.
IPv6 ND
Disable IPv6 Neighbour Discovery
/ipv6 and set [find] disabled=yes
:0 action=accept \
comment="echo reply"
add chain=icmp protocol=icmp icmp-options=3:0 action=accept \
comment="net unreachable"
add chain=icmp protocol=icmp icmp-options=3:1 action=accept \
comment="host unreachable"
add chain=icmp protocol=icmp icmp-options=3:4 action=accept \
comment="host unreachable fragmentation required"
add chain=icmp protocol=icmp icmp-options=8:0 action=accept \
comment="allow echo request"
add chain=icmp protocol=icmp icmp-options=11:0 action=accept \
comment="allow time exceed"
add chain=icmp protocol=icmp icmp-options=12:0 action=accept \
comment="allow parameter bad"
add chain=icmp action=drop comment="deny all other types" |
IPv6 firewall
Protect the router itself
Create an address-list from which you allow access to the device:
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/ipv6 firewall address-list add address=fd12:672e:6f65:8899::/64 list=allowed |
Brief IPv6 firewall filter rule explanation:IPv6 firewall to a router
- work with new packets, accept established/related packets;
- drop link-local addresses from Internet(public) interface/interface-list;
- accept access to a router from link-local addresses, accept multicast addresses for management purposes, accept your source address-list for router access;
- drop anything else;
Code Block | ||
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/ipv6 firewall filter |
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add action=accept chain=input comment="allow established and related" connection-state=established,related |
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add chain=input action=accept protocol=icmpv6 comment="accept ICMPv6" |
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add chain=input action=accept protocol=udp port=33434-33534 comment="defconf: accept UDP traceroute" |
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add chain=input action=accept protocol=udp dst-port=546 src-address=fe80::/ |
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10 comment="accept DHCPv6-Client prefix delegation." |
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add action=drop chain=input in-interface= |
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in_interface_name log=yes log-prefix=dropLL_from_public src-address=fe80::/ |
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10 add action=accept chain=input comment="allow allowed addresses" src-address-list=allowed |
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add action=drop chain=input |
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/ipv6 firewall address-list |
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add address=fe80::/16 list=allowed |
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add address=xxxx::/48 list=allowed |
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add address=ff02::/16 comment=multicast list=allowed |
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Note |
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In certain setups where the DHCPv6 relay is used, the src address of the packets may not be from the link-local range. In that case, the src-address parameter of rule #4 must be removed or adjusted to accept the relay address. |
Protect the LAN devices
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Enabled IPv6 puts your clients available for public networks, set proper firewall to protect your customers.
- accept established/related and work with new packets;
- drop invalid packets and put prefix for rules;
- accept ICMP packets;
- accept new connection from your clients to the Internet;
- drop everything else.
Code Block | ||
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/ipv6 firewall filter |
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add action=accept chain=forward comment=established,related connection-state=established,related |
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add action=drop chain=forward comment=invalid connection-state=invalid log=yes log-prefix=ipv6,invalid |
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add action=accept chain=forward comment=icmpv6 in-interface=! |
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in_interface_name protocol=icmpv6 |
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add action=accept chain=forward comment="local network" in-interface=! |
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in_interface_name src-address-list=allowed |
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add action=drop chain=forward log-prefix=IPV6 |