Summary

WinBox Winbox is a small utility that allows the administration of Mikrotik MikroTik RouterOS using a fast and simple GUI. It is a native Win32/Win64 binary , but can be run on Linux and Mac macOS (OSX) using Wine. All Winbox WinBox interface functions are as close as possible to Console mirroring the console functions, that is why there are no Winbox WinBox sections in the manual. Some of advanced and system critical configurations are not possible from winboxthe WinBox, like MAC address change on an interface.

Running Winbox

First you need to download winbox loader executable. You can get it from mikrotik.com download section or directly from the Router (if it is accessible by IP/IPv6 address)

From WinBox v3.14, the following security features are used:

• WinBox.exe is signed with an Extended Validation certificate, issued by SIA Mikrotīkls (MikroTik).
• WinBox uses ECSRP for key exchange and authentication (requires a new WinBox version).
• Both sides verify that the other side knows the password (no man in the middle attack is possible).
• WinBox in RoMON mode requires that the agent is the latest version to be able to connect to the latest version routers.
• WinBox uses AES128-CBC-SHA as an encryption algorithm (requires WinBox version 3.14 or above).

Starting WinBox

WinBox loader can be downloaded from the MikroTik download page. When WinBoxWhen winbox.exe is downloaded, double click on it, and winbox the WinBox loader window will pop up:. There are two WinBox loader modes: simple which is enabled by default and advanced.

Simple mode

When you open WinBox loader for the first time simple mode layout will be used:

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To connect to the router enter the IP or MAC address of the router, specify username and password (default username is admin with no passwordif any) and click on the Connect button. You can also enter the port number after the IP address, separating them with a colon, like this 192.168.88.1:9999. The port can be changed later in the RouterOS services menu.IPv6 address must be in square brackets, and port is specified after the square brackets, for example, [2001::2]:9999.
Warning! It

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Notice You can also use neighbor discovery, to list available routers use the Neighbors tab in lowest section of the window. It will list all discovered routers located in the same broadcast network where your PC is connected.

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From the list of discovered routers, you You can click on the IP or MAC address column to auto fill Connect to field with either MAC or IP/IPv6 address.
Note: to connect to that router. If you click on IP address then IP will be used to connect, but if you click on MAC Address then the MAC address will be used to connect to the router.

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Buttons/check-boxes and Other Fields

• Connect - Connect to the router
• Connect To RoMON - Connect to RoMON Agent
• Add/set - Save/Edit any of the saved router entries in the Managed tab.
• Open In New Window - Leaves loader open in the background and opens new windows for each device to which connection is made.
• Connect To: - destination IP or MAC address of the router

Description of buttons and fields of loader screen

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• Login - username used for authentication
• Password - password used for authentication

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• Keep Password - if unchecked, the password is not saved to the list

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Menu Items

Description of menu items in loader screen.

• File
  • New - Create a new managed router list in a specified location

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• • Open - Open managed router list file

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• • Save As - Save current managed router list to file

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• • Exit - Exit

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• • WinBox loader

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• Tools
  • Advanced Mode - Enables/Disables advanced mode view

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• • Import - Imports saved session file

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• • Export - Exports saved session file

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• • Move Session Folder - Change path where session files are stored

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• • Clear cache - Clear

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• • WinBox cache

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• • Check For Updates - Check for

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• • updates for WinBox loader

Advanced mode

Additional WinBox loader parameters are revealed when an advanced mode is enabled with Tools → Advanced Mode:

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Buttons/check-boxes and Other Fields

Buttons/check-boxes

• Browse - Browse file directory for some specific session
• Keep Password - if unchecked, the password is not saved to the list
• Secure mode - if checked, WinBox will use DH-1984 for key exchange and modified and hardened RC4-drop3072 encryption to secure the session.
• Autosave session - Saves sessions automatically for devices to which connections are made.

Fields:

• Session - Saved router session.
• Note - Note that is assigned to save router entry.
• Group - Group to which saved router entry is assigned.
• RoMON Agent - Select RoMON Agent from the available device list

Command Line

It is possible to use the command line to pass ' connect to', ' user ' and ' password ' parameters automatically:

winbox.exe [<connect-to> [<login> [<password>]]]

Advanced Mode

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Advanced mode reveals few more options

• Session - Saved router session;
• Browse - to load specifi session saved to file;
• Note - description of the router that will be saved to the list;
• Group - group that saved router belongs to;
• RoMON Agent - Select RoMON Agent from available device list;
• Secure Mode - if checked, winbox will use encryption to secure session (Keys exchanged using DH-1984, encryption using modified and hardened RC4-drop3072);
• Autosave Session - if checked, winbox will try to autosave winbox session;
• Keep Password - if unchecked, password is not saved to the list

Import/Export Sessions

Interface Overview

For example (with no password):

winbox.exe 10.5.101.1 admin ""

Will connect to router 10.5.101.1 with user "admin" without a password.

It is possible to use the command line to pass connect to, user, and password parameters automatically to connect to the router through RoMON. In this case, RoMON Agent must be saved on the Managed routers list so WinBox would know the user and password for this device:

winbox.exe --romon [<romon-agent> [<connect-to> [<login> [<password>]]]]

For example (with no password):

winbox.exe --romon 10.5.101.1 D4:CA:6D:E1:B5:7D admin ""

Will connect to router D4:CA:6D:E1:B5:7D, through 10.5.101.1 via RoMON Agent with user "admin" without a password.

IPv6 connectivity

WinBox supports IPv6 connectivity. To connect to the router's IPv6 address, it must be placed in square braces the same as in web browsers when connecting to the IPv6 server. Example: 

db8::1

when connecting to the link-local address interface index must be entered after the %:

:a00:27ff:fe70:e88c%2

Port number is set after the square brace when it is necessary to connect WinBox to other port than the default:

:a00:27ff:fe70:e88c%2:8299

WinBox neighbor discovery is capable of discovering IPv6 enabled routers. There are two entries for each IPv6 enabled router, one entry is with IPv4 address and another one with IPv6 link-local address. You can easily choose which one you want to connect to.

Run WinBox on macOS

Starting with macOS 10.15 Catalina, Apple has removed support for 32bit applications, meaning it is no longer possible to use regular Wine and regular WinBox in this OS. Wine has made available a 64bit version for macOS, and MikroTik has released a special WinBox64.exe version as well.

To run WinBox64 the following steps are required.

1. Install latest Wine from the Wine macOS builds page ( wine-devel-7.X-osx64.tar.xz) and make sure you have downloaded the WinBox64.exe executable from the MikroTik download page.
2. Launch WinBox64.exe with "open file with" > Wine64.app

Run WinBox on Linux

It is possible to run WinBox on Linux by using Wine emulation software. Make sure that the Microsoft font pack is installed, otherwise, you may see distortions.

Interface Overview

WinBox Winbox interface has been designed to be intuitive for most of the users. Interface The interface consists of:

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• The main toolbar at the top where users can add various info fields, like CPU and memory usage.

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• The menu bar on the left - list of all available menus and sub-menus. This list changes depending on what packages are installed. For example, if the IPv6 package is disabled, then the IPv6 menu and all

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• its sub-menus will not be displayed.
• Work area - an area where all

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• menu windows are opened.

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Title The title bar shows information to identify with which router Winbox WinBox session is connected toopened. Information is displayed in the following format:

[username]@[Router's IP or MAC] ( [RouterID] ) - WinboxWinBox [ROS version] on 
  [RB model] ([platform])

From screenshot above we can see that user krisjanis is logged into router with IP IPv4/IPv6 address [fe80::4e5e:cff:fef6:c0ab%3]. Router's ID is 3C18-Krisjanis_GW, currently installed RouterOS version is v6.36rc6, RouterBoard is CCR1036-12G-4S and platform is tile.

On the Main toolbar's left side is located:

• undo

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• redo
• Safe Mode 
•  Currently loaded session

More about Safe mode and undoing performed actions read in this article and Safe Mode buttons to quickly undo any changes made to configuration or enable/disable safe mode. It also shows currently loaded session.

On the right side is located:

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• an indicator that shows whether the WinBox session uses encryption
• WinBox traffic indicator displayed as a green bar,

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• Custom info fields that can be added by the user by right-clicking on the

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• toolbar and picking available info fields from the list

Work Area and Child Windows

WinBox has an

Work Area And Child Windows

Winbox has MDI interface meaning that all menu configuration (child) windows widows are attached to the main (parent) Winbox WinBox window and are is showed in the work area.

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Child windows can not be dragged out of the working area. Notice in the screenshot above that the Interface window is dragged out of the visible working area and a horizontal scroll bar appeared at the bottom. If any window is outside visible work area boundaries the vertical or/and horizontal scrollbars will appear. In screenshot below Interface List is dragged outside visible working area and horizontal scrollbar have appeared.Image Removed.

Child window menu bar

Each child window has its own toolbar. Most of the windows have the same set of toolbar buttons:

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• Image Added Add - add a new item to the list

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• Image Added Remove - remove the selected item from the list

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• Image Added Enable - enable selected item (the same as enable command from console)

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• Image Added Disable - disable selected item (the same as disable command from console)

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• Image Added Comment - add or edit a comment

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• Image Added Sort - allows to sort out items depending on various parameters. Read more >>

Almost all windows have a quick search input field at on the right side of the toolbar. Any text entered in this field is searched through all the items and highlighted as illustrated in the screenshot below

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Notice that at on the right side next to the quick find input filed there is a dropdown drop-down box. For the currently opened (IP Route) window, this dropdown drop-down box allows to quickly sort out items by routing tables. For example, if the main is selected, then only routes from the main routing table will be listed.
Similar dropdown A similar drop-down box is also in all firewall windows to quickly sort out rules by chains.

Sorting

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out displayed items

Almost every window has a Sort button. When clicking on this button several options appear as illustrated in the screenshot below

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Example The example shows how to quickly filter out routes that are in the 10.0.0.0/8 range

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1. Press Sort button

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1. Choose Dst.Address from the first

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1. drop-down box.

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1. Choose in form the second

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1. drop-down box. "in" means that filter will check if

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1. DST address value is in range of the specified network.
2. Enter the network against which values will be compared (in our example enter "10.0.0.0/8")
3. These buttons are to add or remove another filter to the stack.
4. Press the Filter button to apply our filter.

As you can see from the screenshot winbox WinBox sorted out only routes that are within the 10.0.0.0/8 range.

Comparison operators (Number 3 in the screenshot) may be different for each window. For example "Ip IP Route" window has only two is and in. Other windows may have operators such as "is not", "contains", "contains not". Winbox allows to build

WinBox allows building a stack of filters. For example, if there is a need to filter by destination address and gateway, then

• set the first filter as described in the example above,
• press [+] button to add another filter bar in the stack.
• set up

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• a second filter to filter by the gateway
• press the Filter button to apply filters.

You can also remove unnecessary filter filters from the stack by pressing the [-] button.

Customizing

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list of

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displayed columns

By default winbox , WinBox shows the most commonly used parameters. However sometimes it is needed to see another other parameters, for example, "BGP AS Path" or other BGP attributes to monitor if routes are selected properly. Winbox

WinBox allows to customize displayed columns for each individual window. For example to add BGP AS path column:

• Click on the little arrow button (1) on the right side of the column titles or right mouse click on the route list.
• From popped up menu move to Show Columns (2) and from the sub-menu pick the desired column, in our case click on BGP AS Path (3)

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Changes made to window layout are saved and next time when winbox WinBox is opened the same column order and size is are applied.

Detail

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mode

It is also possible to enable Detail mode. In this mode all parameters are displayed in columns, the first column is the parameter name, the second column is the parameter's value.

To enable detail mode right mouse click on the item list and from the popupmenu popup menu pick Detail mode

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Category

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view

It is possible to list items by categories. In tis this mode, all items will be grouped alphabetically or by other another category. For example, items may be categorized alphabetically if sorted by name, items can also be categorized by type like in the screenshot below.

To enable Category view, right mouse click on the item list and from the popupmenu popup menu pick Show Categories

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Monitoring

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Drag & Drop

It is possible to upload and download files to/from the router using WinBox drag & drop functionality. You can also download the file by pressing the right mouse button on it and selecting "Download".

Traffic monitoring

WinBox Winbox can be used as a tool to monitor the traffic of interfacesevery interface, queue, firewall stats, queue and many other or firewall rule in real-time. Screenshot The screenshot below shows ethernet Ethernet traffic monitoring graphs.

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Drag and Drop

It is possible to upload and download files to/from router using winbox drag & drop functionality. Since drag and drop do not use ftp, files can be dragged even if you are connected to the router with MAC address.
Note: Drag & Drop may not work if Winbox is running on Linux using Wine. This is not a winbox problem, wine does not have proper drag and drop support.

Troubleshooting

Winbox cannot connect to router's IP address

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Item copy

This shows how easy it is to copy an item in WinBox. In this example, we will use the COPY button to make a Dynamic PPPoE server interface into a Static interface.

This image shows us the initial state, as you see DR indicates "D" which means Dynamic:

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Double-Click on the interface and click on COPY:

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A new interface window will appear, a new name will be created automatically (in this case pppoe-in1)

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After this Down/Up event this interface will be Static:

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Transferring Settings

• Managed router transfer - In the File menu, use Save As and Open functions to save the managed router list to file and open it up again on a new workstation.

• Router sessions transfer - In the Tools menu, use Export and Import functions to save existing sessions to file and import them again on a new workstation.

Troubleshooting

WinBox cannot connect to the router's IP address, devices do not show up in the Neighbors list

Make sure that the Make sure that Windows firewall is set to allow Winbox connections or disable windows WinBox connections through Private and/or Public network interfaces in the Windows firewall, it can be changed in Control Panel\System and Security\Windows Defender Firewall\Allowed applications or disable the Windows firewall.

I get an error '(port 20561) timed out' when connecting to routers mac address

Windows (7/8) does not allow mac connection if file and print sharing is disabled.

I can't find my device in WinBox IPv4 Neighbors list or MAC connection fails with "ERROR could not connect to XX-XX-XX-XX-XX-XX"

Most of the network drivers will not enable IP stack unless your host device has an IP configuration. Set IPv4 configuration on your host device.

Sometimes the device will be discovered due to caching, but MAC connection will still fail with "ERROR: could not connect to XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX